Friday, July 3, 2020

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers

A dot matrix display is a cool electronics hobby project for most of microcontroller learners. At the time I studied with PIC16F84A microcontroller, I program a simple single 8x8 dot matrix display using assembly language. I solder all LED of the display using only hand tool only.

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
A red 32x8 dot matrix display

Schematic Design

I use Proteus VSM 8.15 SP1 to design its schematic. There are some other professional schematic capture tools. But I get used to Proteus for many years now.
 

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Sheet 1

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Sheet 2

PCB Design

The PCB seems to be a double-sided copper board. But I use only one side to fabricate on copper clad. Another side, I use jumper wire to connect the tracks.

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
PCB View

 
Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Design 3D View
Click here to download Proteus PCB design.

PCB Processing and DIY Assembling 

I make this copper board using toner transfer method with my own laser printer, and stand drill. The copper pattern was etched using Ferric Chloride acid.

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Laser Printing on Glossy Paper

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Toner Transfer to Copper Clad

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Components side toner transfer

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Finished etching with lead plating

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Finished PCBA Etching with lead plating

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Arduino Test Program #1

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Arduino Test Program #2

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Front Panel LED matrix

Making A 32x8 Dot Matrix Display With SN74HC595N Shift Registers
Components side with stand off

Source Code:


/* Main.ino file generated by New Project wizard
 *
 * Created:   Thu Sep 5 2013
 * Processor: ATmega328P
 * Compiler:  Arduino AVR
 */

#include <SPI.h>
#include <TimerOne.h>
 
const char EN=10;
 
//unsigned char dot1[8]={0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA};
//unsigned char dot1[8]={0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x03,0xFF,0x00,0x00};
//char dot1[8]={0x0C, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x00};
//unsigned char dot1[8]={0x3C, 0x66, 0x03, 0x03, 0x73, 0x66, 0x7C, 0x00};
//unsigned char dot2[8]={0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x00};
//unsigned char dot3[8]={0x1E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00};
/*
unsigned char dot1[3][8]={{0x3C, 0x66, 0x03, 0x03, 0x73, 0x66, 0x7C, 0x00},
                  {0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x00},
                  {0x1E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00}};
*/

/*
volatile unsigned char dot1[26][8]={
    { 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x00},   // U+0041 (A)
    { 0x3F, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3E, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3F, 0x00},   // U+0042 (B)
    { 0x3C, 0x66, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x66, 0x3C, 0x00},   // U+0043 (C)
    { 0x1F, 0x36, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x36, 0x1F, 0x00},   // U+0044 (D)
    { 0x7F, 0x46, 0x16, 0x1E, 0x16, 0x46, 0x7F, 0x00},   // U+0045 (E)
    { 0x7F, 0x46, 0x16, 0x1E, 0x16, 0x06, 0x0F, 0x00},   // U+0046 (F)
    { 0x3C, 0x66, 0x03, 0x03, 0x73, 0x66, 0x7C, 0x00},   // U+0047 (G)
    { 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x00},   // U+0048 (H)
    { 0x1E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00},   // U+0049 (I)
    { 0x78, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00},   // U+004A (J)
    { 0x67, 0x66, 0x36, 0x1E, 0x36, 0x66, 0x67, 0x00},   // U+004B (K)
    { 0x0F, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x46, 0x66, 0x7F, 0x00},   // U+004C (L)
    { 0x63, 0x77, 0x7F, 0x7F, 0x6B, 0x63, 0x63, 0x00},   // U+004D (M)
    { 0x63, 0x67, 0x6F, 0x7B, 0x73, 0x63, 0x63, 0x00},   // U+004E (N)
    { 0x1C, 0x36, 0x63, 0x63, 0x63, 0x36, 0x1C, 0x00},   // U+004F (O)
    { 0x3F, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3E, 0x06, 0x06, 0x0F, 0x00},   // U+0050 (P)
    { 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3B, 0x1E, 0x38, 0x00},   // U+0051 (Q)
    { 0x3F, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3E, 0x36, 0x66, 0x67, 0x00},   // U+0052 (R)
    { 0x1E, 0x33, 0x07, 0x0E, 0x38, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00},   // U+0053 (S)
    { 0x3F, 0x2D, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00},   // U+0054 (T)
    { 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x00},   // U+0055 (U)
    { 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x0C, 0x00},   // U+0056 (V)
    { 0x63, 0x63, 0x63, 0x6B, 0x7F, 0x77, 0x63, 0x00},   // U+0057 (W)
    { 0x63, 0x63, 0x36, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x36, 0x63, 0x00},   // U+0058 (X)
    { 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00},   // U+0059 (Y)
  { 0x7F, 0x63, 0x31, 0x18, 0x4C, 0x66, 0x7F, 0x00}, // U+005A (Z)
};
*/

unsigned char font8x8_basic[128][8] = {
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0000 (nul)
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0001
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0002
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0003
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0004
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0005
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0006
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0007
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0008
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0009
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+000A
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+000B
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+000C
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+000D
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+000E
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+000F
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0010
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0011
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0012
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0013
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0014
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0015
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0016
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0017
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0018
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0019
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+001A
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+001B
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+001C
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+001D
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+001E
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+001F
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0020 (space)
    { 0x180x3C0x3C0x180x180x000x180x00},   // U+0021 (!)
    { 0x360x360x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0022 (")
    { 0x360x360x7F0x360x7F0x360x360x00},   // U+0023 (#)
    { 0x0C0x3E0x030x1E0x300x1F0x0C0x00},   // U+0024 ($)
    { 0x000x630x330x180x0C0x660x630x00},   // U+0025 (%)
    { 0x1C0x360x1C0x6E0x3B0x330x6E0x00},   // U+0026 (&)
    { 0x060x060x030x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0027 (')
    { 0x180x0C0x060x060x060x0C0x180x00},   // U+0028 (()
    { 0x060x0C0x180x180x180x0C0x060x00},   // U+0029 ())
    { 0x000x660x3C0xFF0x3C0x660x000x00},   // U+002A (*)
    { 0x000x0C0x0C0x3F0x0C0x0C0x000x00},   // U+002B (+)
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x0C0x0C0x06},   // U+002C (,)
    { 0x000x000x000x3F0x000x000x000x00},   // U+002D (-)
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x0C0x0C0x00},   // U+002E (.)
    { 0x600x300x180x0C0x060x030x010x00},   // U+002F (/)
    { 0x3E0x630x730x7B0x6F0x670x3E0x00},   // U+0030 (0)
    { 0x0C0x0E0x0C0x0C0x0C0x0C0x3F0x00},   // U+0031 (1)
    { 0x1E0x330x300x1C0x060x330x3F0x00},   // U+0032 (2)
    { 0x1E0x330x300x1C0x300x330x1E0x00},   // U+0033 (3)
    { 0x380x3C0x360x330x7F0x300x780x00},   // U+0034 (4)
    { 0x3F0x030x1F0x300x300x330x1E0x00},   // U+0035 (5)
    { 0x1C0x060x030x1F0x330x330x1E0x00},   // U+0036 (6)
    { 0x3F0x330x300x180x0C0x0C0x0C0x00},   // U+0037 (7)
    { 0x1E0x330x330x1E0x330x330x1E0x00},   // U+0038 (8)
    { 0x1E0x330x330x3E0x300x180x0E0x00},   // U+0039 (9)
    { 0x000x0C0x0C0x000x000x0C0x0C0x00},   // U+003A (:)
    { 0x000x0C0x0C0x000x000x0C0x0C0x06},   // U+003B (;)
    { 0x180x0C0x060x030x060x0C0x180x00},   // U+003C (<)
    { 0x000x000x3F0x000x000x3F0x000x00},   // U+003D (=)
    { 0x060x0C0x180x300x180x0C0x060x00},   // U+003E (>)
    { 0x1E0x330x300x180x0C0x000x0C0x00},   // U+003F (?)
    { 0x3E0x630x7B0x7B0x7B0x030x1E0x00},   // U+0040 (@)
    { 0x0C0x1E0x330x330x3F0x330x330x00},   // U+0041 (A)
    { 0x3F0x660x660x3E0x660x660x3F0x00},   // U+0042 (B)
    { 0x3C0x660x030x030x030x660x3C0x00},   // U+0043 (C)
    { 0x1F0x360x660x660x660x360x1F0x00},   // U+0044 (D)
    { 0x7F0x460x160x1E0x160x460x7F0x00},   // U+0045 (E)
    { 0x7F0x460x160x1E0x160x060x0F0x00},   // U+0046 (F)
    { 0x3C0x660x030x030x730x660x7C0x00},   // U+0047 (G)
    { 0x330x330x330x3F0x330x330x330x00},   // U+0048 (H)
    { 0x1E0x0C0x0C0x0C0x0C0x0C0x1E0x00},   // U+0049 (I)
    { 0x780x300x300x300x330x330x1E0x00},   // U+004A (J)
    { 0x670x660x360x1E0x360x660x670x00},   // U+004B (K)
    { 0x0F0x060x060x060x460x660x7F0x00},   // U+004C (L)
    { 0x630x770x7F0x7F0x6B0x630x630x00},   // U+004D (M)
    { 0x630x670x6F0x7B0x730x630x630x00},   // U+004E (N)
    { 0x1C0x360x630x630x630x360x1C0x00},   // U+004F (O)
    { 0x3F0x660x660x3E0x060x060x0F0x00},   // U+0050 (P)
    { 0x1E0x330x330x330x3B0x1E0x380x00},   // U+0051 (Q)
    { 0x3F0x660x660x3E0x360x660x670x00},   // U+0052 (R)
    { 0x1E0x330x070x0E0x380x330x1E0x00},   // U+0053 (S)
    { 0x3F0x2D0x0C0x0C0x0C0x0C0x1E0x00},   // U+0054 (T)
    { 0x330x330x330x330x330x330x3F0x00},   // U+0055 (U)
    { 0x330x330x330x330x330x1E0x0C0x00},   // U+0056 (V)
    { 0x630x630x630x6B0x7F0x770x630x00},   // U+0057 (W)
    { 0x630x630x360x1C0x1C0x360x630x00},   // U+0058 (X)
    { 0x330x330x330x1E0x0C0x0C0x1E0x00},   // U+0059 (Y)
    { 0x7F0x630x310x180x4C0x660x7F0x00},   // U+005A (Z)
    { 0x1E0x060x060x060x060x060x1E0x00},   // U+005B ([)
    { 0x030x060x0C0x180x300x600x400x00},   // U+005C (\)
    { 0x1E0x180x180x180x180x180x1E0x00},   // U+005D (])
    { 0x080x1C0x360x630x000x000x000x00},   // U+005E (^)
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000xFF},   // U+005F (_)
    { 0x0C0x0C0x180x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+0060 (`)
    { 0x000x000x1E0x300x3E0x330x6E0x00},   // U+0061 (a)
    { 0x070x060x060x3E0x660x660x3B0x00},   // U+0062 (b)
    { 0x000x000x1E0x330x030x330x1E0x00},   // U+0063 (c)
    { 0x380x300x300x3e0x330x330x6E0x00},   // U+0064 (d)
    { 0x000x000x1E0x330x3f0x030x1E0x00},   // U+0065 (e)
    { 0x1C0x360x060x0f0x060x060x0F0x00},   // U+0066 (f)
    { 0x000x000x6E0x330x330x3E0x300x1F},   // U+0067 (g)
    { 0x070x060x360x6E0x660x660x670x00},   // U+0068 (h)
    { 0x0C0x000x0E0x0C0x0C0x0C0x1E0x00},   // U+0069 (i)
    { 0x300x000x300x300x300x330x330x1E},   // U+006A (j)
    { 0x070x060x660x360x1E0x360x670x00},   // U+006B (k)
    { 0x0E0x0C0x0C0x0C0x0C0x0C0x1E0x00},   // U+006C (l)
    { 0x000x000x330x7F0x7F0x6B0x630x00},   // U+006D (m)
    { 0x000x000x1F0x330x330x330x330x00},   // U+006E (n)
    { 0x000x000x1E0x330x330x330x1E0x00},   // U+006F (o)
    { 0x000x000x3B0x660x660x3E0x060x0F},   // U+0070 (p)
    { 0x000x000x6E0x330x330x3E0x300x78},   // U+0071 (q)
    { 0x000x000x3B0x6E0x660x060x0F0x00},   // U+0072 (r)
    { 0x000x000x3E0x030x1E0x300x1F0x00},   // U+0073 (s)
    { 0x080x0C0x3E0x0C0x0C0x2C0x180x00},   // U+0074 (t)
    { 0x000x000x330x330x330x330x6E0x00},   // U+0075 (u)
    { 0x000x000x330x330x330x1E0x0C0x00},   // U+0076 (v)
    { 0x000x000x630x6B0x7F0x7F0x360x00},   // U+0077 (w)
    { 0x000x000x630x360x1C0x360x630x00},   // U+0078 (x)
    { 0x000x000x330x330x330x3E0x300x1F},   // U+0079 (y)
    { 0x000x000x3F0x190x0C0x260x3F0x00},   // U+007A (z)
    { 0x380x0C0x0C0x070x0C0x0C0x380x00},   // U+007B ({)
    { 0x180x180x180x000x180x180x180x00},   // U+007C (|)
    { 0x070x0C0x0C0x380x0C0x0C0x070x00},   // U+007D (})
    { 0x6E0x3B0x000x000x000x000x000x00},   // U+007E (~)
    { 0x000x000x000x000x000x000x000x00}    // U+007F
};
 
//volatile unsigned char dot1[128][8];
char cnt=0;
 
void dotPrint(char chr[8]){
  int j=0;
 
  for(int i=0;i<8;i++){
    digitalWrite(EN,LOW);
    /*
    SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic[cnt+32][i]);
    SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic['C'][i]);
    SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic['B'][i]);
    SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic['A'][i]);
    */

 
 
    //SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic[chr][i]);
    for(int k=7;k>=0;k--)
      SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic[chr[k]][i]);
 
    digitalWrite(EN,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(A3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(A0,j&0x01);
    digitalWrite(A1,j&0x02);
    digitalWrite(A2,j&0x04);
    j++; 
    delay(3);
  }
}
 
void dotStr(unsigned char *str){
  while(*str) dotPrint(*str++);
}
 
void timeCount(void){
cnt++;
if(cnt>=90) cnt=0;
}
 
void setup()
 { // put your setup code here, to run once:
   SPI.begin();
   //SPI.beginTransaction(SPISettings(14000000, LSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0));
   pinMode(EN,OUTPUT);
   pinMode(A0,OUTPUT);
   pinMode(A1,OUTPUT);
   pinMode(A2,OUTPUT);
   pinMode(A3,OUTPUT);
   Timer1.initialize(500000);
  Timer1.attachInterrupt(timeCount);
 
 }
 
void loop()
 { // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
/*
  int j=0;
  for(int i=0;i<8;i++){
    digitalWrite(EN,LOW);
    SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic[cnt+32][i]);
SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic['C'][i]);
SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic['B'][i]);
SPI.transfer(~font8x8_basic['A'][i]);
digitalWrite(EN,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(A3,HIGH);
        digitalWrite(A0,j&0x01);
    digitalWrite(A1,j&0x02);
        digitalWrite(A2,j&0x04);
         j++; 
        delay(3);      
  }
*/

  dotPrint("ABCD");
  //dotStr("1234");
 }

 

Click here to download Arduino sketch. 

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